Contents

Voume 3 Number 3 (1999)

Preface ---- Liquid Crystals and Physics
Hatsuo Kimura
1
General Review ---- Electrorheology Effect in Liquid Crystal
KIYOHITO KOYAMA and Hiroshi KIMURA
4
Review ---- Phase Ordering and Motion of Topological Defects in Nematic Liquid Crystals
Hiroyasu TOYOKI
15
---- A Full color FLC Display Based on Field Sequential Color Switching
Toshiaki YOSHIHARA
26
Special Lecture ---- Various Optical Modes of Liquid Crystal
Tatsuo Uchida
31
---- Spectroscopy of Liquid Crystals 6. NMR Spectroscopy -3-
Seiichi Miyajima and Toshihito Nakai
41
Reports from Universities and Institutions ---- Koide Lab. Science University of Tokyo
Naoyuki KOIDE
49
Introduction of Doctorate Dissertations ---- Mechanism of Photoracemization of Chiral Diaryl Sulfoxide and Application to Liquid Crystal
Yasuyuki TSURUTANI
53
---- Control of Electro-optical Property of (Polyme/ Liquid Crystal) Composite Film Based on (Polymer/Liquid) Crystal Interfacial Interaction
Yoshinori IWASHITA
54
---- Study on Evaluation of Polymer Surface induced Order of Liquid Crystalline Molecular Alignment and Development of Novel Method of Surface induced Orientation of Liquid Crystal
Sung-Kyu Hong
55
---- Conformational Analysis of the Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Molecule by NMR Spectroscopy
Shohei YOSHIDA
56
Conference Report ---- The 48th Annual Meeting of the Society of Polymer Science, Japan
Seiji KURIHARA
57
---- The 48th Spring Meeting of the Japan Societies of Applied Physics
Masahiro FUNABASHI
58
---- The 54th Annual Meeting of the Physical Society of Japan
Sadahito Uto
60
---- Anglo-Japanese Seminar on Liquid Crystals'99
Akihiko SUGIMURA
62
---- 6th International Symposium on Metallomesogen
Kazuo MIYAMURA
65
---- The 76th Spring Meeting of the Chemical Society of Japan
Tetsuo KUSUMOTO
67
---- Forum for Liquid Crystal Physics and Material Properties
Hideo FUJIKAKE
69
Exhibition ---- Electronic Display Exhibition (EDEX '99)
Hajime YAMAGUCHI
70
---- English Abstracts 72
JLCS Announcements ----
73
JLCS Announcements ----
73
---- Program of Japanese Liquid Crystal Society Conference 81


Abstructs of Reviews


Electrorheology Effect in Liquid Crystal
KIYOHITO KOYAMA and Hiroshi KIMURA
Yamagata University
Gifu University

Abstract : The electrorheological(ER) effect is defined as a reversible change in the rheological properties of a fluid on applying an electric field. The fluids that show the ER effect are referred to as ER fluids. Many industrial products which use the fluid are considered such as a clutch shock absorbers for buildings, actuators used in robotics etc. In this paper, typical ER properties of liquid crystals and liquid crystalline polymers and the mechanisms are described.
Keywords : electrorheology, ER, electric field viscosity, newtonial fluid, mesogen, domain structure

Phase Ordering and Motion of Topological Defects in Nematic Liquid Crystals
Hiroyasu TOYOKI
Yamanashi University


Abstract : The study of the phase ordering dynamics of nematic liquid crystals after a quench from the isotropic phase is reviewed. The Cell Dynamical System (CDS) model is used for investigating the nematic phase ordering. The director patterns are characterized by the structure factor, which can be cast into a time-independent universal curve by scaling in terms of a characteristic length. The dynamical scaling is classified by the symmetry of ordered phases because the patterns are governed by topological defects. The mean separation of disclinations is a characteristic length, which is found to grow with t1/2. The structure factor S(k)as a function of the wave number k has the power-law tail k-2-d for the d-dimensional nematic system. This tail is related to the director pattern around a disclination. The pattern formation in thin nematic systems under a hybrid boundary condition is also studied using the CDS model. Surface energy terms and anchoring forces on the boundary play a crucial role in pattern formation. The former term stabilizes modulated patterns and the latter induces the string-like Schlieren patterns between the surface defect boojums.
Keywords : nematic liquid crystal, phase ordering, topological defect, dynamic scaling, hybrid boundary condition

A Full color FLC Display Based on Field Sequential Color Switching
Toshiaki YOSHIHARA
Fujitsu Lab., Ltd.


Abstract : We introduced a full-color video rate FLC display, which is based on field sequential color switching, with an amorphous Si TFT array. Research on certain polarization switching properties provided us with the technology to rapidly switch FLCs by using amorphous Si TFTs. We created a prototype and confirmed that it was capable of providing a gray scale, fast response times, high color purity, and a wide viewing angle. Our prototype demonstrated that it was possible to create a full-color video rate display based on this technology.
Keywords : eld sequential color, FLC display, active matrix, LED backlight